| Acronym | Meaning |
 | AMOS | Automatic Meteorological Observation System |
| AMOS | Automatic Meteorological Observation System |
| AMP | Advanced Machining Program |
| AMP | Ampere |
| AMP | Asynchronous Multiprocessing |
| AMPE | Automated Message Processing Exchange |
| AMPS | Antarctica Mesoscale Prediction System |
| AMPS | Atmospheric |
| AMR | Advanced Microwave Radiometer |
| AMR | Adaptive Mesh Refinement |
| AMRIR | Advanced Medium Resolution Imaging Radiometer |
| AMRR | Army Material Research Reactor |
| AMRV | Advanced Maneuvering Re-entry Vehicle |
| AMS | American Meteorological Society |
| AMS | American Mathematical Society |
| AMS | Accelerator Mass Spectrometer |
| AMS | Automated Meteorological Station |
| AMS | Aerial Monitoring/measurement System |
| AMS | Aerial Measurement Station |
| AMS | Analysis Mass Spectrometer |
| AMS | Applied Mathematical Science |
| AMS | Appraisal Management System |
| AMS | Army Map Service |
| AMS | Atomic Mass Spectrometry |
| AMSG | Appropriate Military Systems Guide |
| AMSOC | American Miscellaneous Society |
| AMSR | Advanced Microwave Sounding Radiometer |
| AMSR | Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer |
| AMSU | Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit |
| AMTEL | Advanced Materials Testing & Evaluation Laboratory |
| AMTEX | Air Mass Transformation Experiment |
| AMTL | Army Material Test Laboratory |
| AMTS | Arctic Mesopause Temperture Study |
| AMTS | Advanced Moisture And Temperature Sounder |
| AMU | Aqueous Makeup |
| AMU | Atomic Mass Unit |
| AMVP | Aviation Model Verification Program |
| AMWG | Atmosphere Model Working Group |
| AN/FPQ-6 | AN/GSN |
| ANACONDA | Intense Electron Beam Accelerator |
| ANARCHE | (The Atlanta) Aerosol Nucleation And Real-time Characterization Experiment |
| ANATEX | Across North America Tracer Experiment |
| ANDAS | Advanced Neutron Detection Analysis System |
| ANEC | American Nuclear Energy Council |
| ANG | Air National Guard |
| ANI | Authorized Nuclear Inspector |
| ANL | Argonne National Laboratory |
| ANL-E | Argonne National Laboratory-East |
| ANL-W | Argonne National Laboratory-West |
| ANM | Alternate Nuclear Materials |
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