| Acronym | Meaning |
| ASP | Astronomical Society Of The Pacific |
| ASP | Advanced Study Program |
| ASP | Advanced Stokes Polarimeter |
| ASP | Alarms And Shutdown Process |
| ASPA | American Society Of Public Administration |
| ASPEA | Association Suisse Pour L'Energie Atomique |
| ASPR | Armed Services Procurement Regulation |
| ASQC | American Society For Quality Control |
| ASR | Airport Surveillance Radar |
| ASR | Annual Scientific Report |
| ASRC | Atmospheric Sciences Research Center |
| ASRF | Advanced Size Reduction Facility |
| ASRL | Atmospheric Science Research Laboratory |
| ASROC | Antisubmarine Rocket |
| ASSET | Aerothermodynamicelastic Structure Systems Environmental Tests |
| ASSIST | ADPE System Sizing Tool |
| AST | Algorithm Support Team |
| AST | AVCO Systems Textron |
| ASTER | Atmosphere-Surface Turbulent Exchange Research Facility |
| ASTER | Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission And Reflection Radiometer |
| ASTERIX | French Acronym For ELDORA |
| ASTEX | Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment |
| ASTEX/MAGE | Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment/Marine Aerosol And Gas Exchange |
| ASTHO | Association Of State & Territorial Health Officials |
| ASTIA | Armed Services Technical Information Agency |
| ASTM | American Society For Testing Materials |
| ASTSWMO | Association Of State & Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials |
| ASW | Antisubmarine Warfare |
| AT | IBM Advanced Technology Personal Computer |
| AT | Abnormal Transient |
| AT | Accelerator Technology |
| AT | Antarctic Treaty |
| ATA | Air Transport Association |
| ATAC | Advanced Technology Advisory Committee |
| ATACMS | Army Tactical Missile System |
| ATAMC | Air Transport Association Meteorological Committee |
| ATC | Air Traffic Control |
| ATC | Adiabatic Toroidal Compressor |
| ATCSC | Air Traffic Control Systems Command Center |
| ATD | Atmospheric Technology Division |
| ATDRSS | Advanced TDRSS |
| ATEN | Association Technique De L'Energie Nucleaire |
| ATEX | Atlantic Tropical Experiment |
| ATEX | Atlantic Tradewind Experiment |
| ATHENA | Advanced Thermal-Hydraulic Energy Network Analyzer |
| ATIS | Airport Terminal Information System |
| ATLANTA-ANARCHE | Atlanta Aerosol Nucleation And Real-time Characterization Experiment |
| ATLAS | Atmospheric Laboratory For Applications And Science |
| ATLAS | Airborne Tunable Laser Absorption Spectrometer |
| ATLAS | Advanced Testing Line For Actinide Separations |