| Acronym | Meaning |
| PID | Prototype International Directory |
| PIDC | Precision Instrument Development Center |
| PIFM | Practical Improved Flux Method |
| PILPS | Program For Intercomparison Of Land Surface Parameterization Schemes |
| PIN | Power Input |
| PIPOR | Program For International Polar Ocean Research |
| PIPOR | Programme Of International Polar Oceans Research |
| PIRAC | PC-based Integrated Radar Acquisition Card |
| PIRAQ-III | PC-based Radar Acquisition ? 3rd Generation |
| PIREP | Pilot Weather Report |
| PIREPS | Pilot Reports |
| PISP | Polar Ice Sheet Program |
| PIXE | Proton Induced X-ray Emission |
| PLDS | Pilot Land Data System |
| PM2.5 | Particulate Matter With Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter Less Than 2.5 Micrometers |
| PMA | Platform Management Application |
| PMB | Performance Measurement Baseline |
| PMEL | Pacific Marine Environment Laboratory |
| PMIP | Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project |
| PMR | Pressure Modulator Radiometer |
| PMR | Pacific Missile Range |
| PMS | Particle Measuring System |
| PMS | Particle Measuring Systems |
| PMS | Performance Measurement System |
| PMS | Platform Management System |
| PNA | Pacific/North American |
| PNR | Profiler Network Review |
| POAM | Polar Ozone And Aerosol Measurement |
| POC | Proof Of Concept |
| POC | Project Operations Center |
| POCIBO | Polar Circling Balloon Observatory |
| POCM | Parallel Ocean Climate Model |
| POD | Probability Of Detection |
| POES | Polar Operational Environmental Satellite |
| POGO | Polar Orbiting Geophysical Observatory |
| POISE-98 | POlarimetric Instrument For Solar Eclipse-98 |
| POLARIS | Photochemistry Of Ozone Loss In The Arctic Region In Summer |
| POLEX | Polar Experiment |
| POP | Parallel Ocean Program |
| POP | Photochemical Oxidation And Products |
| POP | Probability Of Precipitation |
| POSIX | Portable Operating System Interface For Computer Environments |
| PP | Parts Per |
| PPB | Parts Per Billion |
| PPHM | Parts Per Hundred Million |
| PPI | Plan-postition Indicator |
| PPM | Parts Per Million |
| PPMV | Parts Per Million By Volume |
| PPO | Profiler Program Office |
| PPP | Point-to-Point Protocol |