| Acronym | Meaning |
| RHI | Range-height-indicator |
| RHS | Right-hand Side |
| RI | Research Institute |
| RI# | Richardson Number |
| RIB | Research Internet Backbone |
| RIDDS | Radar Interface And Data Distribution System |
| RIDGE | Ridge Interdisciplinary Global Experiment |
| RINEX | Receiver Independent Exchange Format |
| RISC | Reduced Instruction Set Computer |
| RISE | Radiative Inputs From Sun To Earth |
| RITS | Radiatively Important Trace Substances |
| RJE | Remote Job Entry |
| RMC | RAF Management Council |
| RMC | Regional Meteorological Center |
| RMS | Root-mean-square |
| RNG | Renormalization Group |
| RO | Solar Radius |
| RO# | Rossby Number |
| ROBIN | Falling Balloon Experiment |
| ROC | Republic Of China |
| ROC | Regional Observational Cooperative |
| ROCEW | Role Of Clouds |
| ROLM | Not An Acronym |
| ROPCOM | Remote OPCM |
| ROSE | Rural Oxidants In The Southern Environment |
| ROSE-AIR | Rural Ozone In Southern Environment-Aircraft |
| ROTATE | Radar Observation Of Thunderstorms And Tornadoes Experiment |
| RPC | Remote Procedure Call |
| RPG | Radar Product Generator |
| RPG | Radar Products Generator |
| RPI | Rensselaer Polytechnec Institute |
| RPM | Revolutions Per Minute |
| RPM | Radiation And Particles Measurement |
| RPN | (Division De) Recherche En Precision Numerique |
| RPS | Ranked Probability Score |
| RPS | Routine Product Set |
| RR | Risk Reduction |
| RRB | Risk Reduction Branch |
| RRWDS | Radar Remote Weather Display System |
| RSA | Range Standardization And Augmentation Project |
| RSCS | Remote Spooling Communications Subsystem |
| RSF | Remote Sensing Facility |
| RT/PC | RISC Technology/Personal Computer |
| RTD | Regional Transportation Department |
| RTH | Regional Telecommunications Hubs |
| RTN | Regional Telecommunications Network |
| RTTOV | Rediative Transfer (RT) Model For Television Infrared Orbiting Satellite (TIROS) Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) |
| RTVS | Real-Time Verification System |
| RUC | Rapid Update Cycle |
| RUC-2 | Second Version Of The RUC Model |