| Acronym | Meaning |
| ALE/GAGE | Atmospheric Lifetime Experiment/Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment |
| ALEC | American Legislative Exchange Council |
| ALERT | Automated Local Evaluation In Real Time |
| ALEXIS | Array Of Low-energy X-ray Imaging Sensors |
| ALI | Alpha/LAMP Integration |
| ALI | Annual Limit On Intake |
| ALJ | Administrative Law Judge |
| ALMS | Atomic Line Molecular Spectroscopy |
| ALOHA | Airborne Lidar Observations And Hawaiian Airglow |
| ALOO | Albuquerque Operations Office |
| ALP | Assemble Language Preprocessor |
| ALPA | Airline Pilots Association |
| ALPAL | Parallel Program Developed At LLNL |
| ALPEX | Alpine Experiment |
| ALPR | Argonne Low Power Reactor |
| ALPS | Accidental Launch Protection System |
| ALPS | Alternate Launch Point System |
| ALPTRAC | Part Of EUROTRAC |
| ALS | Advanced Launch System |
| ALS | Advanced Light Source |
| ALSAS | AT Line Solution Assay |
| ALSI | Aluminum Silicon Alloy |
| ALT | Altimeter |
| ALT/RA | Altimeter/Radar Altimeter |
| ALU | Arithmetic Logic Unit |
| ALWAS | Advanced Low-Level Wind Shear Alert System |
| AM | Ampex |
| AM | Audio Modulation |
| AM | Amplitude Modulation |
| AMAD | Activity-median Aerodynamic Diameter |
| AMAX | American Metals Climax |
| AMBIENS | Atmospheric Mass Balance Of Industrially Emitted & Natural Sulfur |
| AMC | American Mining Congress |
| AMC | Army Materiel Command |
| AMC | Appraisal Management Center |
| AMD | Alpha Activity Median Diameter |
| AMESS | Autonomous Machine Environmental Surveillance System |
| AMEX | Australian Monsoon EXperiment |
| AMFS | Advanced Manufacturing Feasibility Studies |
| AMI | Active Microwave Instrument |
| AMI-2 | Active Microwave Instrument 2 |
| AMIE | Assimilative Mapping Of The Ionospheric Electrodynamics |
| AMIP | Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project |
| AMIR | Advanced Microwave Imaging Radiometer |
| AML | Acronym Master List |
| AML | Advanced Materials Laboratory |
| AMMORA | Adaptation Of Meso-beta-scale Models For Operational And Research Applications |
| AMMS | Advanced Microwave Moisture Sounder |
| AMO | Advanced Munitions Office |
| AMOL | Atlantic Marine Oceanographic Laboratory |