| Acronym | Meaning |
| AFOEHL | Air Force Occupational And Environmental Health Laboratory |
| AFOSR | Air Force Office Of Scientific Research (USA) |
| AFP | Antifreeze Protein |
| AFP | Atomic Fues Potential |
| AFPAL | Air Force Phillips Astronautics Laboratory (USA) |
| AFPB | Asymmetric Four-point Bend Test |
| AFPR | Alliance Of Foam Packaging Recyclers |
| AFQMC | Auxiliary-field Quantum Monte Carlo |
| AFR | Air To Fuel Ratio |
| AFRICA | Asbestos Fiber Regular Informal Counting Arrangement |
| AFRL | Air Force Research Laboratory |
| AFRP | Advanced Fuel Recycle Program |
| AFRP | Aramid Fiber-reinforced Plastic |
| AFRPL | Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory (USA) |
| AFRSI | Advanced Flexible Reusable Surface Insulation |
| AFS | AIRS Facility Subsystem (subsystem Of AIRS) |
| AFS | Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
| AFSB | Anaerobic Fluidized Sludge Blanket |
| AFSEF | AIRS Facility Subsystem Emission Factors |
| AFUP | Alternative Fuels Utilization Program |
| AFV | Alternatively Fueled Vehicle |
| AFVC | Absorption Freeze Vapor Compression |
| AGA | American Gas Association |
| AGAL | Australian Government Analytical Laboratories |
| AGARD | Advisory Group For Aerospace Research And Development |
| AGASP | Arctic Gas And Aerosol Sampling Program |
| AGB | Asymptotic Giant Branch (stars) |
| AGCI | Aspen Global Change Institute |
| AGCM | Adiabatic Generator Coordinate Method (for Energy Level Calcn.) |
| AGCM | Atmospheric General Circulation Model |
| AGE | Advanced Glycosylation End Product |
| AGE | Affinity Gel Electrophoresis |
| AGFA | Asymptotic Green Function Approxn. |
| AGGG | Advisory Group On Greenhouse Gases |
| AGI | American Geological Institute |
| AGID | Agar Gel Immunodiffusion |
| AGL | Above Ground Level |
| AGMA | American Gear Manufacturers Association |
| AGN | Active Galactic Nuclei |
| AGNES | Absence Of Gradients And Nernstian Equilibrium Stripping |
| AGNIC | Agriculture Network Information Center |
| AGNPS | Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution |
| AGP | Alpha-1-acid Glycoprotein |
| AGP | Alpha-1-acid Glycoprotein |
| AGP | Alpha-1-acid Glycoprotein |
| AGP | Alpha-1-acid Glycoprotein |
| AGP | Algal Growth Potential |
| AGP | Antisymmetrized Geminal Power (wave Function) |
| AGP | Antisymmetrized Geminal Product (wave Function) |
| AGR | Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor |