| Acronym | Meaning |
| RUD | Rudder |
| RUPT | Interrupt |
| RUPT | Rupture |
| RUT | Resource Utilization Time |
| RV | Recirculation Valve |
| RV | Recovery Vehicle |
| RV | Recovery Vessel |
| RV | Reentry Vehicle |
| RV | Relief Valve |
| RV | Retrieval Vessel |
| RVCF | Remote Vehicle Checkout Facility |
| RVDT | Rotary Variable Differential Transducer |
| RVDT | Rotary Variable Differential Transformer |
| RVN | Requirements Verification Network |
| RVR | Runway Visible (or Visual) Range |
| RVS | Reverse |
| RW | Response Word |
| RWD | Right Wing Down |
| RWM | Read/Write Memory |
| RYD | Real Year Dollars |
| RZ | Return-to-Zero |
| S | Second |
| S | Second (Astronomical Tables) |
| S | Side |
| S | Sta R |
| S | Stere |
| S | CHGSupercharge |
| S | PRES Star Present |
| S | TRKStar Tracker |
| S&A | Safe And Arm (Device) |
| S&A | Science And Application |
| S&AD | Science And Applications Directorate |
| S&E | Science And Engineering (MSFC Directorate) |
| S-BD | S-Band |
| S-N | Stress Number |
| S/0 | Shutoff |
| S/0 | Switchover |
| S/8 | Standby |
| S/A | Safe And Arm |
| S/A | Scheduled/Actual |
| S/A | Site Activation |
| S/A | Spacecraft Adapter |
| S/A | Subassembly |
| S/AC | Stabilization/Attitude Control |
| S/C | Sensor/Controller |
| S/C | Signal Conditioner |
| S/C | Software Contractor |
| S/C | Spacecraft |
| S/C | Splitter/Combiner |
| S/C | Stabilization And Control |