| Acronym | Meaning |
| SOW | Square Wave |
| SOW | Start Of Word |
| SOW | Statement Of Work |
| SOW | Subdivision Of Work |
| SP | Shoulder Pitch |
| SP | Shuttle Projects Office (KSC) |
| SP | Signal Processor |
| SP | Single Pole |
| SP | Single Precision |
| SP | Solar Physics |
| SP | Spare |
| SP | Spin |
| SP | Standard Or Peculiar |
| SP | Static Pressure |
| SP&S | Special Processes And Sequencing |
| SP-AF | Air Force STS Liaison Office (KSC Shuttle) |
| SP-AF | Air Force Support Office (KSC) |
| SP-FGS | Flight And Ground Systems Office (KSC Shuttle) |
| SP-ILS | Integrated Logistics Support Office (KSC Shuttle) |
| SP-LMO | Logistics Management Office (KSC) |
| SP-OPI | OPerations Planning And Integration Office (KSC |
| SP-OPI | Shuttle) |
| SP-OSO | Off-Site Offices (KSC Shuttle) |
| SP-PAI | Project Assessment And Integration Staff (KSC) |
| SP-PCO | Program Control Office (KSC Shuttle) |
| SP-PMS | Performance Management Systems Office (KSC) |
| SP-SMO | Site Management Office (KSC Shuttle) |
| SPA | S-Band Power Amplifier |
| SPA | Servo Power Amplifier |
| SPA | Shared Peripheral Area |
| SPA | Signal Processor Assembly |
| SPA | Signal Processor Assembly |
| SPA | Space Processing Application |
| SPA | Steering Position Amplifier |
| SPACE | Spacecraft Prelaunch Automatic Checkout Equipment |
| SPAD | Shuttle Payload Accommodation Document |
| SPAD | Subsystem Positioning Aid Device |
| SPADS | Shuttle Problem Action Data System |
| SPADS | Shuttle Problem Analysis Data System |
| SPAF | Simulation Processor And Formatter |
| SPAH | Spacelab Payload Accommodations Handbook |
| SPAN | Spacecraft Analysis |
| SPART | Space ResearchandTechnology |
| SPAS | Shuttle Pallet Satellite (German) |
| SPC | Shipping And Packing Cost |
| SPC | Shuttle Processing Contractor |
| SPC | Starting Point Code |
| SPC | Stored Program Command |
| SPC | Synoptic Properties Code |
| SPCC | STS Processing Control Center |