| Acronym | Meaning |
| EO | Electro-Optics - Engagement Operations |
| EO | Esperanto Language (ISO 639-1 Code) |
| EOD | Explosive Ordnance Disposal |
| EOG | ElectroOculoGraphy |
| EOM | End Of Message |
| EOS | Earth Observation Satellite |
| EOSAT | Earth Observation Satellite |
| EOSDIS | Earth Observation Satellite Data And Information System |
| EOTS | Electro-Optical Tactical Sensor |
| EP | Electronic Protection |
| EPA | EicosaPentaenoic Acid -Environmental Protection Agency |
| EPCOT | Experimental Prototype Community Of Tomorrow |
| EPGS | EOS Polar Ground Sites |
| EPIRB | Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon |
| EPL | English Premier League |
| EPLRS | Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (ee-plarz) |
| EPO | Erythropoietin |
| EPO | Esperanto Language (ISO 639-2 Code) |
| EPR | European Pressurised [Nuclear] Reactor |
| EPW | Earth Penetrator Weapon/Warhead - Economic And Political Weekly (Indian Publication) - Enemy Prisoner Of War |
| ER | Emergency Room -Eritrea (ISO 3166 Digram; FIPS 10-4 Country Code) |
| ER | Erbium |
| ERA | Earned Run Average - Engineering Research Associates - Equal Rights Amendment - English Racing Automobiles - European Railway Agency |
| ERCIM | European Research Consortium For Informatics And Mathematics |
| ERI | Eritrea (ISO 3166 Trigram) |
| ERN | Eritrean Nakfa (ISO 4217 Currency Code) |
| EROS | Earth Resources Observation System |
| ERP | Engineer Regulating Point |
| ERS | Earth Resources Survey |
| ERTS | Earth Resources Technology Satellite (became Landsat) |
| ERV | Endogenous RetroVirus |
| ES | Einsteinium - Exasecond |
| ES | El Salvador (FIPS 10-4 Country Code) -Electronic Warfare Support -Exasiemens - Spain (ISO 3166 Digram; From Espa?a)) |
| ES | Spanish Language (ISO 639-1 Code) |
| ESA | Electro-Spark Alloying - Endangered Species Act - European Space Agency |
| ESC | Embryonic Stem Cell |
| ESD | ElectroStatic Discharge |
| ESDP | European Security And Defence Policy |
| ESE | East South-East |
| ESH | Western Sahara (ISO 3166 Trigram) |
| ESL | English As A Second Language |
| ESM | Electronic Warfare Support Measures |
| ESO | European Southern Observatory |
| ESOL | English For Speakers Of Other Languages |
| ESP | Electronic Stability Program - Extra-sensory Perception -Spain (ISO 3166 Trigram) |
| ESPN | Entertainment And Sports Programming Network |
| EST | Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5 Hours) -Estonia (ISO 3166 Trigram) |
| EST | Estonian Language (ISO 639-2 Code) |
| ESU | Emergency Services Unit |
| ESV | Engineer Support Vehicle |