| Acronym | Meaning |
| RIAA | Recording Industry Association Of America |
| RIF | Reduction In Force (layoffs) - Resistance Index For Frostbite |
| RIMVS | Retinal Imaging Machine Vision System |
| RIP | Relief In Place -requiesca[n]t In Pace (Latin For May He/she/they Rest In Peace) |
| RIS | Range Instrumentation System |
| RISC | Reduced Instruction Set Computer |
| RISD | Rhode Island School Of Design (riz-dee) |
| RISTA | Reconnaissance |
| RJD | Reduced Julian Day |
| RKBA | Right To Keep And Bear Arms (Second Amendment To The United States Constitution) |
| RKO | Radio-Keith-Orpheum Pictures |
| RL | Release Line - Real Life |
| RLP | Recognised [Operating/Operational] Land Picture |
| RLS | Restless Leg Syndrome |
| RLY | Rally Point |
| RM | Raeto-Romansh Language (ISO 639-1 Code) |
| RMA | Return Mailing Authorization - Revolution In Military Affairs |
| RMC | Royal Military College (Australia |
| RMDA | Records Management And Declassification Agency |
| RMP | Recognised [Operating/Operational] Maritime Picture |
| RMS | Rate-Monotonic Scheduling - Richard M. Stallman - Root-Mean-Square - Royal Mail Ship (e.g. RMS Titanic) |
| RN | Royal Navy |
| RN | Kirundi Language (ISO 639-1 Code) |
| RN | Radon -Registered Nurse (USA) |
| RNA | RiboNucleic Acid |
| RNPS | Radio Network Planning System |
| RO | Range Only - Red Orchestra -Romania (ISO 3166 And FIPS 10-4 Country Code Digram) |
| RO | Romanian Language (ISO 639-1 Code) |
| ROA | Rate Of Ascent |
| ROC | Receiver Operating Characteristic (statistics) - Regional Operations Centre - Republic Of China - Roc-A-Fella Records |
| ROCV OR ROC | V -Recognition Of Combat Vehicles (rock-vee) |
| ROD | Rate Of Descent - Record Of Decisions - Report Of Discrepancy |
| ROE | Rules Of Engagement |
| ROFL(MAO) | Rolling On The Floor Laughing (My Ass Off) |
| ROH | Ring Of Honor |
| ROH | Raeto-Romansh Language (ISO 639-2 Code) |
| ROI | Return On Investment |
| ROK | Republic Of Korea |
| ROL | Romanian Leu (ISO 4217 Currency Code) |
| ROM | Read-Only Memory - Refuel On The Move - Royal Ontario Museum |
| RON | Romanian Language (ISO 639-2 Code) |
| RON | Romanian New Leu (ISO 4217 Currency Code) |
| ROP | Render Output Pipeline |
| RORO OR RO | Ro -Roll-On/Roll-Off (ferry) |
| ROS | Reactive Oxygen Species |
| ROTC | Reserve Officer Training Corps (Rawt-Cee) |
| ROU | Romania (ISO 3166 Trigram) |
| ROV | Remotely Operated Vehicle |
| ROW | Right Of Way - Rest Of The World |
| ROWPU | Reverse Osmosis Water Purification Unit (roe-pew) |