| Acronym | Meaning |
| NLRB | National Labor Relations Board |
| NMB | National Mediation Board |
| NMFS | National Marine Fisheries Service |
| NNSA | National Nuclear Security Administration |
| NOAA | National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration |
| NODC | National Oceanographic Data Center |
| NOS | National Ocean Service |
| NPCR | National Program Of Cancer Registries |
| NPOESS | National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System |
| NPR | National Partnership For Reinventing Government (archived At Univ. Of North Texas) |
| NPS | National Park Service |
| NPTO | National Petroleum Technology Office |
| NR | National Register Of Historic Places |
| NRC | Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
| NRCS | Natural Resources Conservation Service |
| NRDP | National Rural Development Partnership |
| NREN | National Research And Education Network |
| NREVSS | National Respiratory And Enteric Virus Surveillance System |
| NRL | Naval Research Laboratory |
| NRO | National Reconnaissance Office |
| NRPC | National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK) |
| NSA | National Security Agency |
| NSC | National Security Council |
| NSF | National Science Foundation |
| NSTC | National Science And Technology Center |
| NSTL | National Space Technology Laboratories |
| NTIA | National Telecommunications And Information Administration |
| NTIS | National Technical Information Service |
| NTP | National Toxicology Program |
| NTSB | National Transportation Safety Board |
| NVSS | National Vital Statistics System |
| NWC | National War College |
| NWCG | National Wildfire Coordinating Group |
| NWS | National Weather Service |
| NWTRB | Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board |
| OA | Office Of Administration |
| OAC | Office Of Antiboycott Compliance |
| OACU | Office Of Animal Care And Use |
| OAIT | Office Of American Indian Trust |
| OALJ | Office Of Administrative Law Judges |
| OAR | Office Of AIDS Research; Office Of Oceanic And Atmospheric Research |
| OAS | Organization Of American States |
| OASDI | Old-Age And Survivors Insurance And Disability Insurance |
| OAT | Office For The Advancement Of Telehealth |
| OBL | Office Of Business Liaison |
| OCC | Comptroller Of The Currency |
| OCD | Office Of Community Development |
| OCE | Office Of The Chief Economist |
| OCR | Office For Civil Rights (Dept. Of Education) |
| OCRWM | Office Of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management |