| Acronym | Meaning |
| RTR | Receiver-transmitter |
| RTSP II | Real Time Signal Processor |
| RTU | Remote Terminal Unit |
| RU | Replaceable Unit |
| RUWS | Remote Unmanned Work System |
| RV | Relief Valve |
| RVDT | Rotary Variable Differential Transformer (transducer) |
| RVL | Rolling Vertical Landing |
| RVR | Runway Visual Range |
| RVV | Runway Visibility Value |
| RWR | Radar Warning Receiver |
| RXMT | Retransmit |
| S&L | Shipbuilding And Logistics |
| S/L | Switch/light |
| S/N | Serial Number |
| S/V | Survivability/vulnerability |
| S/W | Software |
| SA | Systems Analysis |
| SAB | Shared Avionics Bench |
| SAC | System Auxiliary Computer |
| SACG | Selective Antenna Coupler Group |
| SADR | Selective Address |
| SADT | Structured Analysis And Design Techniques |
| SAHRS | Standard Attitude Heading Reference System |
| SAIC | Science Applications International Corporation |
| SALAN | Sensitivity Analysis Of Linear Active Networks |
| SAMIS | Ship Alternate Management Information System |
| SAMT | Simulated Aircraft Maintenance Trainer |
| SAR | Safety Action Record |
| SAR | Search And Rescue |
| SAS | Stability Augmentation System |
| SAS | Survival Avionics System |
| SASITS | Submarine Advanced Signal Training System |
| SASP | Single Acoustic Signal Processor |
| SASTS | Submarine Advanced Signal Training System |
| SAT | Select At Test |
| SAT | System Acceptance Testing |
| SATCOM | Satellite Communications |
| SAU | Signal Acquisition Unit |
| SBB | Supplied By Bidder |
| SBIR | Small Business Innovative Research |
| SC | Source Code |
| SC | Subcontract |
| SCADC | Standard Central Air Data Computer |
| SCAS | Stability Control Augmentation System |
| SCC | Significant Character Code |
| SCCB | Software Configuration Control Board |
| SCCB | Software Change Control Board |
| SCD | Source Control Drawing |
| SCE | Standard Computing Element |